By Nightengale Ben-Onyeukwu and Peace Dike (Executive
Director, Virgin Heart Foundation)
Teenage pregnancy is an increasing challenge across Nigeria, with significant implications for the health, education, and future prospects of young girls. In Mbaitoli Local Government Area of Imo State, which comprises 34 communities, the issue has become particularly visible. Growing numbers of adolescent girls are becoming mothers before they are emotionally, physically, or economically prepared.
Defined as pregnancy occurring among girls aged 13 to 19,
teenage pregnancy often results in school dropouts, limited career
opportunities, and exposure to health risks. Experts attribute the rising trend
to factors such as poverty, inadequate sex education, peer pressure, early
marriage, and persistent cultural expectations.
Teenage
Pregnancy in Imo State
In Imo State, the consequences are increasingly evident.
Many girls who become pregnant are forced to abandon their education, narrowing
their prospects for meaningful employment. Teenage mothers frequently face
stigma and rejection, while their families struggle under financial and
emotional strain. Health experts warn that early pregnancies increase the risk
of complications during childbirth, endangering both mother and child.
Mbaitoli, in particular, has recorded a rising number of
teenage pregnancies in recent years. While a minority believe that the problem
is overstated, most residents and community leaders express deep concern. They
link the trend to high school dropout rates, unsafe deliveries, and
intergenerational cycles of poverty.
Contributing
Factors
Limited access to accurate sexual and reproductive health
information leaves many adolescents vulnerable. Although awareness campaigns
and workshops have been organized, their coverage and effectiveness remain
inconsistent. Many girls lack exposure to comprehensive education on family
planning and life skills that could enable them to make informed choices.
Underlying socio-economic conditions also play a central
role. Poverty and unemployment increase the likelihood of transactional
relationships, where adolescent girls seek financial support from older men.
Weak parental guidance and inadequate supervision further heighten
vulnerability, while cultural norms in some areas continue to downplay the
dangers of early motherhood.
Community
Perspectives
Residents and community leaders offer diverse
perspectives on the growing trend. Mr. Mathew Ugochukwu, an MTN Sub-dealer,
noted that there is a noticeable rise in teenage births in Mbaitoli. He blamed
parents for not educating their children about puberty and responsibilities,
stating that teenage pregnancy is driving many girls out of school. He
suggested that the government should initiate skill acquisition programs for
those unable to continue formal education.
Mrs. Nkeiru (Mgbenani) Godwin, Assistant Chief Social
Welfare Officer, emphasized that teenage pregnancy is high, driven largely by
economic hardship. According to her, young girls make choices that jeopardize
their future. She recommended skill acquisition programs and stronger
government support, alongside education, and vocational training to reduce
early pregnancies and prevent associated health risks such as STDs and HIV.
Mrs. Esther Iwuoha, Home Chairlady of Ofekata Community,
observed that many girls fall pregnant because their parents fail to provide
adequate care or monitoring. She explained that teenage pregnancy disrupts
education and stable futures, urging mothers to guide, support, and build trust
with their daughters so they feel safe to share their challenges.
Mrs. Iwuoha Sabina Ego, Women President General of
Ofekata Autonomous Community, explained that in her community, girls are
encouraged toward education or vocational training, which reduces teenage pregnancies.
She identified idleness and lack of moral education as major causes. Families,
she said, must provide for their daughters’ needs and guide them with
consistent moral instruction. Community youth gatherings also help reinforce
positive values.
Ezeala Janefrances, Director of Primary Health Care in
Mbaitoli, maintained that although cases exist, teenage pregnancy is not
overwhelmingly high due to relatively high literacy levels. However, rural
farming areas record more cases. She stressed the need for preventive programs
to raise awareness and protect adolescents from the risks.
Asibuka George, popularly known as MC Bush, emphasized
the economic angle. He argued that economic hardship is a critical driver, as
many girls depend on men for daily needs. Unlike developed countries where
government support exists, Nigerian youths receive little assistance. He added
that widespread poverty and unstable households contribute significantly to the
rise of teenage pregnancy.
Conclusion
Teenage pregnancy in Mbaitoli reflects a wider national
challenge. Poverty, inadequate sexual health education, weak parental
supervision, and limited economic opportunities create an environment where
adolescent girls are highly vulnerable. The consequences extend beyond the individual,
placing long-term strain on families, communities, and public health systems.
Addressing this issue requires a multi-sectoral approach.
Families must provide care, supervision, and open communication with their
children. Schools should strengthen comprehensive sexuality education and keep
girls engaged in learning. Communities and religious groups need to foster
supportive environments for young people. Government must expand skill
acquisition programs, create safe spaces, and provide economic support for
vulnerable families.
Every girl deserves the right to education, health, and a
future free from the burden of early motherhood. Reducing teenage pregnancy is
not only about prevention — it is about safeguarding the rights, dignity, and
opportunities of adolescent girls, ensuring they grow into empowered women who
can contribute fully to society.
